With the announcement of the new Windows Azure Backup preview, we’re happy to announce the new release of the Windows Server Essentials integration module. Windows Azure Backup helps you protect important server data off-site with automated backup and restoration. You can manage cloud backups from Windows Server 2012 Essentials Dashboard by installing the integration module. To start using the Windows Azure Backup preview, please create a Windows Azure account. To begin your sign up, go to the.

Then visit the to New a backup vault, download and install the integration module, and register your server. If you had the previous version of the integration module installed, you must retrieve your stored data before May 4. Then you need to uninstall the previous integration module and the Windows Azure Online Backup agent, before trying the new version. To uninstall the integration module: • Go to the Essentials Dashboard. • Navigate to Applications page, Add-ins tab. • Remove the online backup add-in.

X550 User Guide. MIC Certification Information. X550 PCI Card. 1.기기의명칭(모델명): NComputing X-series(X550). 2.인증받은 자의 상호: 엔컴퓨팅. Product Overview. The X550 desktop virtualization kit includes a license for NComputing vSpace software, one X550 PCI card, and five XD2 access devices.

To uninstall the Windows Azure Online Backup agent: • Go to Control Panel. • Click Uninstall a program. • Remove the Windows Azure Online Backup. Data from the earlier preview will be available until May 4, 2013. It will not be transferred to the new Windows Azure Backup preview. Please make sure to retrieve any data that you wish to retrieve before uninstalling the old integration module.

Webcast: “High Availability 101 with Windows Server 2008 R2 Hyper-V” Webcast: “Failover Clustering Feature Roadmap for Windows Server 2008 R2” Webcast: “Innovating High Availability with Cluster Shared Volumes” Webcast: 'Automating and Managing Windows Server Failover Clusters with PowerShell' Webcast: 'Failover Cluster Troubleshooting with Windows Server 2008 R2' Deployment: Webcast: 'High Availability Server Apps with Windows Server 2008 R2 Failover Clusters' Webcast: 'Clusters and Virtualization: Guest Clustering vs. Host Clustering' Webcast: “Multi-Site Clustering with Windows Server 2008 Enterprise” File Services and Storage announcements •. Thank you for posting in TechNet forum. The online problem solving can be relatively time consuming because it may demand several messages back and force to fully understand the symptom and background, especially at the very beginning. Here are a few suggestions that help you get the best answer to your question as quickly as possible.

When You Ask 1. Selecting a good title which summarizes the specific problem you have. It will be the one of the main driving forces for others to want to actually read your item. Choosing a badly-formatted title will drive people away, thinking that since the title is so badly written, so must be the information and the question within the thread. Provide all the necessary information in your initial post. The following information would be very helpful: - Symptom description: Detailed description of the problem. If you receive any error messages, please let us know the exact error WORD BY WORD.

- Environment: The system environment, such as your OS/application version, your network topology, and your domain environment, etc. - Any recent relevant configuration change(s): If the issue started to occur after installing any application/updates or changing the configuration, please let us know. - Any additional information. Tell what you have done prior to asking your question. This will help us understand that you've done so far.

Write in a clear language. Avoiding spelling mistakes or grammatical errors.

Don't type IN ALL CAPS, which in most cases is read as shouting and considered rude. Keep with the same thread. Do not refer to a post you made last year, and above all, Please come back. There are hundreds and thousands of posts where we have seen people given great and wonderfully long answers yet no reply from the original poster.

Be courteous to reply, even if it's to say. 'I've given up' or thanks that worked. (This helps the whole community when you do this, and makes the people who donate time, warm and fuzzies.) When answered Give Positive Feedback. Once you've received a correct answer to your question, either from a Microsoft employee, an MVP, or the community in general, pleases replies that the issue or question has been answered. Medion GoPal Navigator 3 PE TMC-Pro. And if possible mark the solution as answered: This step is important, since it lets other people benefit from your posts. The content of this post was borrowed from: •. On 7/8/2008, a security patch was released for DNS by Microsoft and other DNS server vendors.

The Microsoft patch was tracked as KB953230 - the documentation on it is. As part of the patch, DNS now reserves 2500 UDP ports - including the ports from 64000 to 65000 that WDS uses by default. Because of this, if DNS and WDS are running on the same server, WDS cannot access those ports and so is unable to perform TFTP (required for PXE boot) or Multicast. To work around this, open the WDS MMC, select your server, and go to Server Properties from the right-click menu or the Action menu. Then on the Network Settings page, set a different range of UDP ports. The best range to choose will depend on what else you are running on your server - you want to pick ports that other server roles and applications are not using.

The dynamically allocated ports start from 49152, so your Start port should be at least that. Windows PowerShell announcements •. Windows Backup forums provide you an opportunity to join a community of Windows customers where you can share knowledge on windows backup, get questions answered, and learn from others with backup needs similar to yours. Start by posting Windows Backup related questions and leverage the knowledge available in your new forum community. This forum supports Backup questions for Windows and Windows Server. Also, visit our blog for fresh information on Microsoft Storage and Windows Backup: Streaming Media Services announcements •. The Streaming Media Services forum provides you an opportunity to join a community of Windows Media server customers where you can share knowledge, get questions answered, and learn from others with IT environments similar to yours.

Start by posting Windows Media Services related questions in the forum corresponding to your topic of interest and leverage the knowledge available in the new forum community. If you have any questions or feedback about Windows Media Services 2008 for Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2, or about Windows Media Services 9 Series for Windows Server 2003, please feel free to post them in this forum. Windows Multipoint Server announcements •. On July 1, we will be making this forum read only. After receiving a lot of feedback from the community, it was decided that this forum is a duplication and therefore redundant of the Forum. So, until July 1, we will start asking customers to redirect their questions to the Forum. On June 11, CSS engineers will move any new threads to the Forum.

Please post a reply to this thread if you have any feedback on this decision or the process. You can also email. Thanks, Kevin Beares Community Lead – Windows Server Division Windows Server 2008 R2 Remote Desktop Services - Read Only announcements •. On July 1, we will be making this forum read only. After receiving a lot of feedback from the community, it was decided that this forum is a duplication and therefore redundant of the Forum. So, until July 1, we will start asking customers to redirect their questions to the Forum. On June 11, CSS engineers will move any new threads to the Forum.

Please post a reply to this thread if you have any feedback on this decision or the process. You can also email. Thanks, Kevin Beares Community Lead – Windows Server Division Windows Server 2008 R2 Networking - Read Only announcements •. On July 1, we will be making this forum read only. After receiving a lot of feedback from the community, it was decided that this forum is a duplication and therefore redundant of the Forum.

So, until July 1, we will start asking customers to redirect their questions to the Forum. On June 11, CSS engineers will move any new threads to the Forum. Please post a reply to this thread if you have any feedback on this decision or the process.

You can also email. Thanks, Kevin Beares Community Lead – Windows Server Division •.

On July 1, we will be making this forum read only. After receiving a lot of feedback from the community, it was decided that this forum is a duplication and therefore redundant of the Forum. So, until July 1, we will start asking customers to redirect their questions to the Forum. On June 11, CSS engineers will move any new threads to the Forum. Please post a reply to this thread if you have any feedback on this decision or the process. You can also email. Thanks, Kevin Beares Community Lead – Windows Server Division Windows Server 2008 R2 Web Technologies - Read Only announcements •.

On July 1, we will be making this forum read only. After receiving a lot of feedback from the community, it was decided that this forum is a duplication and therefore redundant of popular IIS forum on the Official Microsoft IIS site. So, until July 1, we will start asking customers to redirect their questions to the Forum. On June 11, CSS engineers will move any new threads to the Forum. Please post a reply to this thread if you have any feedback on this decision or the process. You can also email. Thanks, Kevin Beares Community Lead – Windows Server Division Service Pack 1 RC for Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 announcements •.

A Windows DNS server related patch has been released. Update adds query logging and change auditing to Windows DNS servers This is a hotfix and has to be downloaded on servers. A brief summary: 1. Analytical logging for all DNS transactions (queries, responses, drops, server falures, zone transfers, dynamic updates) at a very high speed.

Has negligible impact on DNS server performance. Enhanced logging for all change auditing on DNS server. New event channels have been introduced for this.

Analytical channel is disabled by default. Audit channel is enabled by default.

Watch this space for more details. With the announcement of the new Windows Azure Backup preview, we’re happy to announce the new release of the Windows Server Essentials integration module. Windows Azure Backup helps you protect important server data off-site with automated backup and restoration. You can manage cloud backups from Windows Server 2012 Essentials Dashboard by installing the integration module.

To start using the Windows Azure Backup preview, please create a Windows Azure account. To begin your sign up, go to the. Then visit the to New a backup vault, download and install the integration module, and register your server. If you had the previous version of the integration module installed, you must retrieve your stored data before May 4. Then you need to uninstall the previous integration module and the Windows Azure Online Backup agent, before trying the new version. To uninstall the integration module: • Go to the Essentials Dashboard.

• Navigate to Applications page, Add-ins tab. • Remove the online backup add-in.

To uninstall the Windows Azure Online Backup agent: • Go to Control Panel. • Click Uninstall a program. • Remove the Windows Azure Online Backup. Data from the earlier preview will be available until May 4, 2013. It will not be transferred to the new Windows Azure Backup preview. Please make sure to retrieve any data that you wish to retrieve before uninstalling the old integration module. Webcast: “High Availability 101 with Windows Server 2008 R2 Hyper-V” Webcast: “Failover Clustering Feature Roadmap for Windows Server 2008 R2” Webcast: “Innovating High Availability with Cluster Shared Volumes” Webcast: 'Automating and Managing Windows Server Failover Clusters with PowerShell' Webcast: 'Failover Cluster Troubleshooting with Windows Server 2008 R2' Deployment: Webcast: 'High Availability Server Apps with Windows Server 2008 R2 Failover Clusters' Webcast: 'Clusters and Virtualization: Guest Clustering vs.

Host Clustering' Webcast: “Multi-Site Clustering with Windows Server 2008 Enterprise” File Services and Storage announcements •. Thank you for posting in TechNet forum. The online problem solving can be relatively time consuming because it may demand several messages back and force to fully understand the symptom and background, especially at the very beginning. Here are a few suggestions that help you get the best answer to your question as quickly as possible.

When You Ask 1. Selecting a good title which summarizes the specific problem you have. It will be the one of the main driving forces for others to want to actually read your item.

Choosing a badly-formatted title will drive people away, thinking that since the title is so badly written, so must be the information and the question within the thread. Provide all the necessary information in your initial post. The following information would be very helpful: - Symptom description: Detailed description of the problem. If you receive any error messages, please let us know the exact error WORD BY WORD. - Environment: The system environment, such as your OS/application version, your network topology, and your domain environment, etc. - Any recent relevant configuration change(s): If the issue started to occur after installing any application/updates or changing the configuration, please let us know.

- Any additional information. Tell what you have done prior to asking your question. This will help us understand that you've done so far. Write in a clear language. Avoiding spelling mistakes or grammatical errors. Don't type IN ALL CAPS, which in most cases is read as shouting and considered rude. Keep with the same thread.

Do not refer to a post you made last year, and above all, Please come back. There are hundreds and thousands of posts where we have seen people given great and wonderfully long answers yet no reply from the original poster. Be courteous to reply, even if it's to say.

'I've given up' or thanks that worked. (This helps the whole community when you do this, and makes the people who donate time, warm and fuzzies.) When answered Give Positive Feedback. Once you've received a correct answer to your question, either from a Microsoft employee, an MVP, or the community in general, pleases replies that the issue or question has been answered. And if possible mark the solution as answered: This step is important, since it lets other people benefit from your posts. The content of this post was borrowed from: •. On 7/8/2008, a security patch was released for DNS by Microsoft and other DNS server vendors.

The Microsoft patch was tracked as KB953230 - the documentation on it is. As part of the patch, DNS now reserves 2500 UDP ports - including the ports from 64000 to 65000 that WDS uses by default. Because of this, if DNS and WDS are running on the same server, WDS cannot access those ports and so is unable to perform TFTP (required for PXE boot) or Multicast.

To work around this, open the WDS MMC, select your server, and go to Server Properties from the right-click menu or the Action menu. Then on the Network Settings page, set a different range of UDP ports. The best range to choose will depend on what else you are running on your server - you want to pick ports that other server roles and applications are not using. The dynamically allocated ports start from 49152, so your Start port should be at least that. Windows PowerShell announcements •. Windows Backup forums provide you an opportunity to join a community of Windows customers where you can share knowledge on windows backup, get questions answered, and learn from others with backup needs similar to yours. Start by posting Windows Backup related questions and leverage the knowledge available in your new forum community.

This forum supports Backup questions for Windows and Windows Server. Also, visit our blog for fresh information on Microsoft Storage and Windows Backup: Streaming Media Services announcements •. The Streaming Media Services forum provides you an opportunity to join a community of Windows Media server customers where you can share knowledge, get questions answered, and learn from others with IT environments similar to yours.

Start by posting Windows Media Services related questions in the forum corresponding to your topic of interest and leverage the knowledge available in the new forum community. If you have any questions or feedback about Windows Media Services 2008 for Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2, or about Windows Media Services 9 Series for Windows Server 2003, please feel free to post them in this forum. Windows Multipoint Server announcements •.

On July 1, we will be making this forum read only. After receiving a lot of feedback from the community, it was decided that this forum is a duplication and therefore redundant of the Forum. So, until July 1, we will start asking customers to redirect their questions to the Forum. Download Shabad Of Radha Soami Satsang Beas. On June 11, CSS engineers will move any new threads to the Forum. Please post a reply to this thread if you have any feedback on this decision or the process. You can also email. Thanks, Kevin Beares Community Lead – Windows Server Division Windows Server 2008 R2 Remote Desktop Services - Read Only announcements •.

On July 1, we will be making this forum read only. After receiving a lot of feedback from the community, it was decided that this forum is a duplication and therefore redundant of the Forum. So, until July 1, we will start asking customers to redirect their questions to the Forum. On June 11, CSS engineers will move any new threads to the Forum. Please post a reply to this thread if you have any feedback on this decision or the process. You can also email.

Thanks, Kevin Beares Community Lead – Windows Server Division Windows Server 2008 R2 Networking - Read Only announcements •. On July 1, we will be making this forum read only.

After receiving a lot of feedback from the community, it was decided that this forum is a duplication and therefore redundant of the Forum. So, until July 1, we will start asking customers to redirect their questions to the Forum. On June 11, CSS engineers will move any new threads to the Forum. Please post a reply to this thread if you have any feedback on this decision or the process. You can also email.

Thanks, Kevin Beares Community Lead – Windows Server Division •. On July 1, we will be making this forum read only. After receiving a lot of feedback from the community, it was decided that this forum is a duplication and therefore redundant of the Forum.

So, until July 1, we will start asking customers to redirect their questions to the Forum. On June 11, CSS engineers will move any new threads to the Forum.

Please post a reply to this thread if you have any feedback on this decision or the process. You can also email. Thanks, Kevin Beares Community Lead – Windows Server Division Windows Server 2008 R2 Web Technologies - Read Only announcements •. On July 1, we will be making this forum read only.

After receiving a lot of feedback from the community, it was decided that this forum is a duplication and therefore redundant of popular IIS forum on the Official Microsoft IIS site. So, until July 1, we will start asking customers to redirect their questions to the Forum. On June 11, CSS engineers will move any new threads to the Forum.

Please post a reply to this thread if you have any feedback on this decision or the process. You can also email. Thanks, Kevin Beares Community Lead – Windows Server Division Service Pack 1 RC for Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 announcements •. A Windows DNS server related patch has been released.

Update adds query logging and change auditing to Windows DNS servers This is a hotfix and has to be downloaded on servers. A brief summary: 1. Analytical logging for all DNS transactions (queries, responses, drops, server falures, zone transfers, dynamic updates) at a very high speed. Has negligible impact on DNS server performance. Enhanced logging for all change auditing on DNS server.

New event channels have been introduced for this. Analytical channel is disabled by default. Audit channel is enabled by default. Watch this space for more details.

Di artikel sebelumnya sudah menjelaskan beserta kelebihan dan kekurangannya (thin client yang cocok digunakan di warnet atau perusahaan yang tidak membutuhkan spesifikasi komputer yang tinggi untuk menjalankan softwarenya). Artikel ini berisi tutorial / cara pasang atau menginstall program vSpace dan meregistrasikan serial number Ncomputing di server (Penulis memakai tipe L130 tapi caranya akan sama untuk tipe lain seperti L230, L300, X300, X350, X550, U170, M300, dan N400). Pertama-tama install vSpace software yang terdapat didalam CD yg diberikan saat anda membelinya. Setelah sukses ter-install, pastikan Ncomputing sudah dihidupkan dan terhubung ke jaringan. Registrasi NComputing harus dilakukan terlebih dahulu sebelum digunakan karena bila tidak diregister maka setelah beberapa hari koneksi client ke server akan terputus setelah beberapa menit. Ada beberapa cara, yaitu melalui internet, e-mail, atau distributor. Artikel ini hanya akan membahas registrasi yang via internet.

Tutorial / cara registrasi Ncomputing via internet. • Masuk ke Start menu >Programs >NComputing vSpace >vSpace Registration • Tekan Next pada tampilan awal, nanti muncul layar seperti dibawah. Masukkan data-data dikotak isian, bila sudah benar dan lengkap tekan tombol Next. • Pada halaman berikutnya pilih On Line – Register via Internet, tekan Next.

• Akan ditampilkan “serial number NComputing” yang terdeteksi oleh server, bila Nomor Serial belum diregister akan tertera Not registered, bila sudah diregister akan tertulis Registered. • Pilih serial number yang belum diregister lalu tekan next, vSpace Registration akan tersambung ke internet, kemudian akan muncul notifikasi bila proses registrasi berhasil atau tidak. Bila pembaca ingin memindahkah client Ncomputing ke server komputer yang berbeda pastikan terlebih dahulu melakukan, lalu ulangi proses registrasi di server yang baru. Spesifikasi komputer server Ncomputing di dalam perusahaan penulis: • Intel Core 2 Quad 2,33 Ghz (Q8200) • 4 GB DDR2 RAM • Windows XP sp3 • vSpace Software Version 4.04.005 (Build date ) Dengan spesifikasi diatas, resource yang digunakan masih sangat berlebih dengan penggunaan 8 client Ncomputing (Ram terpakai 700MB, dan rata-rata penggunaan resource CPU sebesar 20%). Infoteknologi.com merokomendasikan jangan mengupdate software vSpace kalau tidak perlu, karena bila diupdate maka pembaca harus men-flash firmware client NC ke versi yang sama, dan ini agak merepotkan, penuh resiko dan manfaat yang didapatkan tidak sebanding. Semoga artikel ini bermanfaat bagi pembaca yang ingin memasang Ncomputing di warnet atau perusahaan.

Thanks Pak Nico sebelumnya atas jawaban tgl 2 Januari 2013 untuk pertanyaan tgl 12 Desember 2012. Sudah diselesaikan dengan install + setting yang benar.

Asa masalah lagi sekarang. Mohon bantuan, kami menggunakan l230 thin client ncomputing pada windows server 2003 R2 standar edition 32 bit original, software yg kami instal adalah vSpace_L-4.9.5.11.msi. Pada awalnya bisa digunakan port usbnya, seiring update windows & ncomputing, port usb tidak dapat digunakan lagi jika mencolokkan flashdisk atau apapun ke port usb, akan menyebabkan windows server langsung blue screen walaupun monitor thin clien tidak berubah.

Jadi seolah2 port USB di thin client sudah tidak dapat digunakan. Dimana salahnya kami? Terima kasih atas info bantuannya. SmileThumbs up. – Whitelist itu artinya supaya applikasi Ncomputing seperti vSpace dapat berkomunikasi dan tidak diblokir oleh firewall atau antivirus. – Untuk avast tidak perlu setting whitelist port, karena memang tidak memiliki fitur firewall (utk yang free version). – Semua antivirus seharusnya bisa, asalkan daftar port berikut di whitelist: Untuk vSpace Client: TCP: 27605 UDP: 1027 Untuk vSpace Management Center: TCP: 1284 TCP: 8080 UDP: 5353 Untuk port registrasi vSpace: TCP: 80, 3630 Untuk cara whitelist port di Antivirus caranya berbeda-beda tergantung merk yg dipakai.

Mas ikutan tanya nih mas, begini mas 1. Saya ada ncomputing Type L 230 dan itu sudah terpasang dan hasilnya oke, kemudian beli Ncomputing Type L300 setelah di pasangkan untuk registrasi serialnya tidak terdeteksi, terus L300 terdeteksi di vspace console hanya saja yang terdeteksi devicenya saja di clientnya juga sama bisa mendeteksi server, saya coba ping dari Client (L300) ke server ping replynya bagus tapi saat klik connect L300nya tidak bisa masuk ke desktop seakan-akan di reject. Kemudian saya coba menggunakan server lain ternyata bisa tanpa ada masalah, kemudian L300 saya koneksikan lagi ke server saya tapi hasilna masih gak bisa juga, yang terdeteksi cuma devicenya saja. Ncomputing L230 sebelumnya tidak ada masalah, tapi tiba-tiba dia tidak bisa konek ke server, juga tidak bisa deteksi server baik dari server ke client maupun dari client ke server, kemudian saya coba ganti kabel koneksinya (kabel RG) ternyata hasilnya sama saja.

Dari pertanyaan 1 settingan apanya yang kurang mohon penjelasannya. Dari pertanyaan 2 kira-kira apa yang harus saya lakukan, soalnya sudah saya switch kabel koneksinya masih tetap begitu? Sebelumnya terimakasih. USB barcode scanner Ncomputing di Windows 7 memang terkadang bermasalah, ini dikarenakan driver secara otomatis terinstall di client dan diserver yang membuat scanner salah mengirimkan data hasil scan ke server.

Di beberapa model barcode scanner anda cukup mencabut dan mencolok kembali scanner supaya dapat bekerja dengan baik. Atau bisa coba langkah berikut: – buka applikasi vSpace – cari pilihan USB Assignment – lihat port dimana USB scanner terinstall – bersihkan centang Available to all stations – Lalu dibawahnya pada Assigned to following devices pilih client Ncomputing yg hanya boleh memakai port tersebut (yg terconnect dengan usb scanner). Ilustrasinya adalah anda memiliki 1 komputer (server) namun anda menginginkan komputer tersebut dapat dipakai juga oleh 10 orang lain (Ncomputing) secara bersama-sama. Ke 10 orang tersebut akan dapat mengakses file yang sama, program yang sama, printer, dll. Dan personalisasi / authorisasi masing-masing user dapat dibedakan dengan cara membuat user baru di Windows. -Secara singkat bila anda mau membuat 10 client maka yang anda perlukan adalah: 1.

9 device Ncomputing + 1 PC (sebagai server) = 10 client atau 10 device + 1 PC server. Dan juga monitor + keyboard + mouse 2. Switch minimal 12 port, kabel LAN Cat5 / Cat6 -Install vSpace software yang disertakan di CD, kemudian registrasikan masing-masing device (seperti pada artikel diatas) -Buat User baru di Windows (Control Panel >User) supaya tiap NC memiliki desktop, setting, dan hak yang berbeda (opsional). -Setelah itu anda perlu menghubungkan dan mensetting semua device ncomputing di console (IP address, resolusi layar, default server, dll) -Bila semua setting beres, dari console Ncomputing klik nama server lalu pilih ‘Connect’. Ncomputing akan terhubung dengan server dan dapat digunakan.

Halo Pak Nico.mohon bantuannya. Saya memakai Ncomputing seri X550 pada OS Linux Ubuntu 10.04 dengan graphic card Nvidia GT430. Masalahnya adalah nvidia graphic card tidak bekerja di monitor client karena Xconfiguration nya blm ada [muncul pesan “You do not appear to be using the NVIDIA X driver. Please edit your X configuration file (just run `nvidia-xconfig` as root), and restart the X server”]. Saya sudah search berminggu minggu, tp blom ketemu cara nya. Berikut perintah di linux yg sudah saya pakai untuk mengaktifkan VGA card di monitor client: – “sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg” – “sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh xserver-xorg” – “sudo modprobe nvidia” Note: kalau di monitor server nya (yg terhubung ke CPU sudah tidak ada masalah) Mohon pencerahannya Pak Nico. Halo bram, 1.

Untuk XP maksimal 10 client Ncomputing, sedangkan untuk Linux tidak terbatas tergantung kemampuan hardware. Vspace akan tetap dapat diinstall, tapi bila tidak diregistrasi client ncomputing akan terputus otomatis setelah beberapa menit.

Untuk registrasi bila tidak ada koneksi internet bisa minta tolong distributor untuk mregistrasikan atau mengirim email ke Ncomputing (semua caranya ada di manual panduan yang anda terima) 3. Kalau anda masih bingung switch itu apa, coba baca artikel.